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Demonstration and comparison of new generation turbulence monitoring at ESO Paranal including the 24hSHIMM and FASS
Ryan Griffiths  1@  , Lisa Bardou, Andrés Guesalaga, Miska Le Louarn, James Osborn, Angel Otarola, Richard Wilson@
1 : Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, Durham University

Optical turbulence monitoring instrumentation is a key component in the operation of both astronomical and solar observatories around the world. Alongside turbulence forecasting tools, such instruments are vital in scheduling observations so that measurements demanding high sensitivity can be carried out in suitable turbulence conditions. Additionally, they are necessary in the development of ground based optical instrumentation such as adaptive optics systems, providing measurements of optical turbulence profiles and typical values of atmospheric parameters to include in simulations and design requirements. In this talk we will present the results of a turbulence monitoring campaign at ESO Paranal observatory in which we investigate measurements from two next-generation turbulence monitoring instruments: the 24-hour Shack Hartmann Image Motion Monitor (24hSHIMM) and Full Aperture Seeing Sensor (FASS). They will be compared both with one-another and with the observatory's permanently installed SCIDAR and MASS-DIMM instruments. The 24hSHIMM utilises slope and intensity measurements in an infrared Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to estimate a four-layer vertical optical turbulence profile at any time of the day or night. The FASS measures the power spectrum of intensity in concentric rings of a telescope pupil image to estimate a high-resolution turbulence profile at night. Both instruments are based around small commercial telescopes, off-the-shelf optics and seek to provide modern alternatives to the traditional MASS and DIMM instruments. We further explore how these next-generation turbulence profilers may be used for site monitoring to support the development of ground-based optical instrumentation and their integration with optical turbulence forecasting tools.


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